Everything you always wanted to know about Dodgem Cars

Dodgems are a part of our collective memory. As children, they were pure excitement, and as adults, pure nostalgia. But behind this popular ride lies a fascinating history and a lot more science than meets the eye.

Dodgems or bumper cars – so what are they exactly?

Whatever you choose to call them,  they all refer to the same ride that has been a staple of fairgrounds and theme parks for many years. They are small electric vehicles that are driven across a metal floor and, unlike almost everything else, are actually more fun when they crash into each other.

They have been a star attraction at fairs and parks around the world for decades, alongside other classics such as the merry-go-round or roller coasters. And, although it may seem like a simple fairground ride, it is a feat of engineering that actually has its own history and trivia.

Origin and history of the Dodgems

Dodgems were invented in the United States in the early 20^th century. The design was very rudimentary and they were made of metal frames, hard wheels, and an electrical system that made them very hard to control. But they worked, and that was enough to make them a sensation.

It is thought that the name evolved to bumper cars in the 1920s, when the modern version with rubber bumpers became popular and the aim of the ride was to bump into other cars, and not to “dodge ’em”. Since then, both names have been used for the same ride, which remains a fairground favourite to this day. And although the cars are safer and more colourful, the goal hasn’t changed at all:  to crash without any real danger and have lots of fun in the process.

Who invented Dodgems?

It is widely believed that the inventors were Max and Harold Stoehrer, brothers from Massachusetts, who patented the first dodgem car in 1920. Dodgem was actually the name of their company and it is still used nowadays to refer to the car itself. The Stoehrers developed an electrical system with a metal bar that connected the car to the ceiling, allowing it to move when supplied with electricity.

Improvements were made to the design over the years and various versions were marketed throughout Europe under different brand names. This is how the dodgem car, as we know it, came to be: with lights, a horn, and soft bumpers that cushion each impact.

How Dodgem Cars really work

Although it seems like magic, the operation is actually down to some clever engineering. The cars run on a closed electrical circuit: the metal floor and the ceiling form the positive and negative poles, while a bar with a brush inside the car allows the current to flow. When the pedal is pressed, the electric motor activates, and the car moves.

The mechanics behind the fun

Each car has a small motor, a steering wheel, and a rubber surround that acts as a bumper. Unlike other electric vehicles, dodgem cars do not require batteries, as they get their power directly from the track. In fact, if you look closely, you’ll see sparks fly where the car’s bar touches the roof: that’s electricity flowing.

Rules you’re supposed to follow (but hardly anyone knows about)

Although crashing is indeed the name of the game, there are still rules in place to maintain safety and order. Drivers must always move in the same direction and avoid head-on collisions. In addition, objects inside the cars should be secured and the cars should not be overloaded. These rules ensure that everyone can enjoy themselves safely, even if they’re not following the Highway Code.

Sound and horn

One of the most distinctive parts of a dodgem car is its horn; a metallic, high-pitched sound that blends in with the background music. In the 80s and 90s, it was common to hear the famous bumper car song at fairgrounds, a catchy tune that set the rhythm for each collision. Today’s tunes are more modern but they still maintain that nostalgic yet carefree atmosphere.

Voltage and electricity

The cars operate on low voltage, typically between 48 and 90 volts, which is enough to move them around safely. The entire system is designed to be completely safe, even if someone touches the metal floor or the car stops suddenly. Every part, from the steering wheel to the wheels, is coated or insulated to prevent electric shocks.

Bumper cars at PortAventura World

Like any self-respecting theme park, PortAventura World is also home to bumper car rides. There are two different versions depending on age and the type of experience you’re looking for. For the little ones, we have Buffalo Rodeo in the Far West area, where kids can drive their own mini cars in a fun and safe environment. It’s their first taste of the thrill of driving and crashing, surrounded by the Wild West.

For adults and teens, we crank up the intensity with Wild Buffalos, which can also be found in the Far West area. This ride holds onto the traditional bumper car vibe, but with a modern twist: lights, music, and the spirit of the Wild West. It’s perfect for anyone who enjoys a touch of chaos mixed in with their fun, with the same attention to detail and safety measures that characterise all of  PortAventura World’s attractions.

Both versions are rides that are never going to disappoint, just like the park’s slides or dark rides: classics that have been reinvented so each visit has something new and something familiar at the same time.

FAQs about dodgems or bumper cars

At what age can you ride the dodgems?

It depends on the model and the park, but generally, children are permitted on the dodgems from 4 or 5 years old, provided that they are accompanied by an adult. Models designed for adults usually have a minimum height restriction, not age, to ensure drivers can safely handle the steering wheel.

Are they safe?

Absolutely. The cars are fitted with rubber bumpers, low-voltage electrical systems, and adhere to strict driving regulations. Operators also constantly check that everything is working correctly. So yes, the dodgems are one of the safest and most fun rides around, perfect for all ages.

Behind every crash, every spin, and every honk, there’s a story. Dodgem cars remain one of the simplest and most effective ways to feel like a kid again.  And while the world of amusement park rides has evolved with new technologies, few things match the joy of driving with a care in the world, just to bump into each other and have some laughs along the way.